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Friends and Their Suggestions

With friends like these two, how can I miss as a writer? The one, an age peer from Winchester, attaches a note to the material he sends me, adding “if you can’t get a column out of this, better hang up your shingle.”

He has sent me an article by Zoe Ingalls in the Chronicle of Higher Education that is all about an artist, Jacqueline Hayden, who exhibits life-size nude photographs of elderly men and women. These photos have reportedly drawn sharply contrasting reactions from viewers.

At the Yale University Art Gallery a 70-year-old woman docent told the artist she found them “repulsive.” But at an exhibit in Northampton, an older woman thanked her because it was the first time “I’ve ever seen anybody on the wall who looked like me.”

Does my friend expect me to construct a peaceful path between zealots who feel turned on by the naked elder body as a sublime new concept of beauty and critics who find the whole idea repugnant? Where’s that shingle?

The other friend of many years’ standing, a Canadian, emails me from Montreal, heading his message “grist for your mill.” Then he states “I presume that Saul’s sex life is good material for your column.”

He informs me about a newspaper story on the Nobel Prize winning writer, Saul Bellow, becoming a father again, this time at age 84. Bellow, it turns out, was born in the province of Quebec and grew up there before his family moved to Chicago when he was nine. And, to make matters even more Canadian, the new mother, Janis Freedman, Saul’s fifth wife, was born in Toronto.

“Perhaps their ‘Canadian roots’ have something to do with their fertili-ty,” my friend suggests.

So should I contact Saul Bellow and ask him if indeed that is true? “Do you, Mr. Bellow, feel more virile by reason of spending the first nine years of your life in America’s attic, as the great Canadian novelist Robinson Davies used to call his country?

Or, perhaps, I should ask him if he takes Viagra. Recently a couple of friends over sixty were telling me about being on this pill. One of them, age 62, reported that his doctor, a woman, had taken the initiative and given him a pre-scription, remarking that she thought it would be good for him.

When I asked these latter two gentleman about the effects of Viagra, they both agreed that it had served them well. Their phrasing intrigued me, their saying that “it helped make the work easier.” I had not quite thought of the activity that way but perhaps thinking about it as a form of work rather than retirement could be provocative.

This being America, I feel sure that I could have provided an interview with many more details from one of those fellows but, again, because of readers’ sensibilities I have refrained.

In place of the interview, perhaps I can simply allude to some new body-oriented definitions that have been making the rounds on the Internet. They de-rive from a weekly contest appearing in the Washington Post.

“Abdicate” is a verb meaning “to give up all hope of ever having a flat stomach.” Similarly, the adjective “flabbergasted” means “appalled over how much weight you have gained.” And “lymph” is another verb signifying “to walk with a lisp.”

Far be it from me, however, to make fun of my age peers whether round, heavy, or, for that matter, lisping. You will never find me badmouthing anyone who can boast about having lived long. Rather, I leave joke-making about elders  to the boldest of professional comedians.

Among them, Jonathan Winters, himself an elder, stands out for his ability to deliver an occasional anecdote that pokes fun at people of a certain age.

Recently, on the “News Hour,” he told host Jim Lehrer, the following story flowing from a group trip that he and his wife took to Greece.

They were coming out of a temple some 50 miles from Athens. He noticed a woman turning toward him. “I know who you are,” she said.
“Yes, so do I; it’s on my dog tag,” he replied.
“You are him, aren’t you?,” she continued undeterred.
“I’m him,” the comedian admitted. “But the important thing is who you are, dear,” he added.
“I’m Agnes Lenler; we’re from Terre Haute, Indiana. This is my husband, Howard, my second husband. My first husband was run over.”
(“Better be on your toes,” Winters silently admonished the successor.)
“Let me ask you something, Mr. Winters,” the woman went on.
“Yes.”
“What did you think of the temple?”
“I was terribly disappointed,” said Winters.
“Why?”
“Everything was broken.”
“My God, man,” she exclaimed, “it was five thousand years before Christ.”
“It should be repaired by now,” Winters suggested.
The lady shook her head.
Then the somewhat crabbed husband said to her: “You know, honey, a lot of men are completely burned out.”

Richard Griffin

Lay Ministry at Lady Lake

“I feel rewarded by those to whom I do ministry.” That’s what a retired woman active in a church in Lady Lake, Florida told me two weeks ago. The occasion was my visit to speak at her parish about aging and spirituality.

This woman, Marie by name, is one of an astonishing six hundred registered lay people who have signed up for ministry in the parish. And the number of distinct minis-tries in that place also amazed me, fifty in all. They range all the way from reaching our to people with AIDS to making rosary beads for people to use at prayer.

Marie appreciates the way people respond to her volunteer work. “There’s always someone to pat you on the back and say you did a good job,” she said with enthusiasm.

People like Marie make me feel justified in my constant message to retirees. I like to tell them that the best thing about retirement is that it gives you a chance to tend to your soul. Stepping out of the world of full-time paid employment presents a golden op-portunity for spiritual development.

It perhaps sounds like a cliché by now, but another woman says of her work as a lay minister, “How much more I gain from this experience than I ever give!” It lends meaning to her life in retirement to feel that what she does freely is so valued.

The volunteer lay ministers whom I met during my visit do not just reach out to others. They also are serious about prayer and other spiritual exercises. Hundreds of them come to church every morning to begin the day by  turning toward God and offering praise and expressing their needs. This inner disposition of heart goes hand in hand with their active ministry.

The pastor of their church strongly encourages this ministry by lay people. In fact, he takes pride in having so many collaborators working with him. He has enough wisdom to see that he could not do it all by himself. He also presumably recognizes a special value in the exercise of the lay priesthood.

A young man who is employed as a religious educator for the parish assured me that most strangers who come to that church feel comfortable being responded to by lay people. That makes out of step a man who approached the parish one day and asked to see a priest. It just happened that no priest was available at that time. “What has our church come to,” the man said as he walked away shaking his head.

I would bet, however, that if this man were to allow himself to talk with lay staff members and volunteers he would go away happy with  their readiness to respond to his needs.

Another woman with whom I discussed ministry told of stereotypes held even by old people themselves about their age peers.  When she announced to a friend ten years older than she that she was going to a retirement community, that friend said: “I can’t believe that you’re moving there with all those old people.” Clearly the older woman did not realize the opportunities that her friend would find for ministry to others.

The residents of the retirement community that I visited spoke approvingly of a new means of staying open to the larger world. That new communication device is email. A man named Milton told me, “It’s shrinking the world.” He talks to people in Japan and other distant places. When he and his contact do not speak the same language, they simply wave to one another (don’t ask me how). It seems as if email has a spiritual potential that some pioneers have already used to the advantage of their souls.

Speaking of the ministerial ferment in her church, a woman named Chris said, “I really think that the Holy Spirit is at work in this. Seventy years old is young today.  Some younger people have no idea of the productivity that is possible in old age.” By “productivity,” she clearly meant the work involved in ministry rather than simply being busy or working for pay.

To judge by contact with this particular church, I wonder if some older people are not pointing the way toward new possibilities for both their own fulfillment and the building up of the spiritual community.

Richard Griffin

The Hundred Best

If you were to recommend to Oprah Winfrey one spiritual book published in the twentieth century for her to push on her television show, what would it be? Philip Za-leski, Lecturer in Religion at Smith College, has a book to suggest, though one not familiar to me.

He was recently asked by the publishing  house, HarperCollins, to choose the one hundred most outstanding such books. Wisely, he assembled a group of prominent advisors who helped him with the task. Their list makes fascinating reading in itself.

The one book that Professor Zaleski would choose from among the one hundred was written by a French woman, Simone Weil. Called “Waiting for God,” this spiritual classic “offers an inspiring message of hope for the future,” as Zaleski says. I have not read the book myself but plan to do so on the strength of this recommendation.

Other books among the ten most often suggested by Professor Zaleski and his advisory group are Dorothy Day’s, “The Long Loneliness,” Annie Dillard’s “Pilgrim at Tinker Creek,” Martin Luther King’s, “I Have a Dream: Writings and Speeches That Changed the World,” and Teilhard de Chardin’s, “The Phenomenon of Man.”

These works I have read and would enthusiastically recommend to readers. How-ever, those who read Teilhard de Chardin must be prepared for a challenge. This French Jesuit priest-scientist had a highly original vision of the spiritual world that owes much to his field of anthropology. A new translation from the French original has just appeared done by the Boston-area scholar, Sarah Appleton-Weber.

Some favorite authors of mine have also been included. The Trappist monk Tho-mas Merton appears for his “Seeds of Contemplation” and also for his “Seven Storey Mountain,” a book that had a big impact on me when I was twenty.

I welcome the inclusion of two of my favorite Jewish spiritual writers. Martin Buber is listed for his collection, “Tales of the Hasidim,” a work I frequently consult for stories both charming and spiritually profitable.

Also Rabbi Abraham Heschel makes the list for two of his books. One of them, “The Sabbath,” speaks to me as a person who appreciates the spiritual power in having a sacred day once a week.

Another favorite author listed here is Graham Greene for his “The Power and the Glory,” a novel that centers on a whiskey priest who manages to serve God and God’s people despite his failings as a person. The same author’s “The End of the Affair,” a cur-rent Hollywood film, could also have been chosen.

I also relish the southern writer Flannery O’Connor whose short novel “Wise Blood” is included. Presenting often bizarre characters, she shows divine grace breaking through the world of flawed people.

Two other works that much influenced me earlier in life were Gandhi’s memoir, “My Experiments with Truth” and the Swiss psychologist Jung’s, “Memories, Dreams, Reflections.” The great Indian apostle of non-violence taught me the value of peaceful protest and the inner search for truth. Jung helped me to pay attention to dreams and sift them for their meaning in my life.

An author not included who has a large following at the present time is Henri Nouwen. A Dutch priest who died two years ago, Fr. Nouwen wrote a series of books that have given inspiration to a great many people who take  the spiritual life seriously. Among those works I can recommend my favorite – “Aging: the Fulfillment of Life.” It may well be that the cult of Fr. Nouwen will grow during coming decades and something of his will be included on future lists.

I also find myself returning often to Frederick Buechner, a writer based in Vermont and Florida, who has published thirty books, many of them works of spiritual depth. His most recent, “The Eyes of the Heart,” is a work filled with hope despite the grief experienced by him and so many others.

Many of the other writers on the list deserve honorable mention in the spiritual history of the century just past. C. S. Lewis, Mother Teresa, Elie Wiesel, Pope John XXII,  Pope John Paul II, and T. S. Eliot are all included.

For the reader interested in pursuing spiritual life, here is God’s plenty. The list can be found online (perhaps at your public library) at www.harpercollins.com/imprints/harper_sanfrancisco/spiritbooks.htm. [link no longer active]

Richard Griffin

World Enough and Time

This month marks the twenty-fifth anniversary of my return to the world. In Feb-ruary 1975, I signed papers by which the pope released me from the priesthood and, at the same time, the Jesuit order allowed me to depart from its ranks. During that month I began living on my own the way I had never done before.

This double departure brought to an end an ecclesiastical career that had also lasted twenty-five years. My Jesuit years featured many experiences still precious to me: the euphoria of discovering a deeper spiritual life in the novitiate; teaching in Jesuit schools and in adult education settings; living in European countries; and, most of all, ordination to the priesthood and the ministry that flowed from it.

On occasion, people still ask me why I left. When they do, I usually give them the short answer – “I changed.” A more satisfying answer takes several hours of conversation or hundreds of pages of memoir. Just tracing the changes in me takes a long time; when you add the startling changes that took place in church and society during my quarter of a century among the Jesuits, the answer becomes much more complicated.

The leaving itself took place in an atmosphere of mutual respect and affection be-tween Jesuit officials and me. I then felt greater respect for the Jesuit society than I ever had before.

My ties to former colleagues remain strong and I count many members of the clergy as good friends. I feel fortunate that the church had changed enough that my de-parture could happen without the animosity and secretiveness of previous practice.

Despite the satisfactions and joys of my first career, I have never regretted leav-ing. Returning to the world has brought me great blessings. Among them, marriage and fatherhood rank highest, but the opportunity to experience life from new angles has con-tinued to feed my soul. Ordinary experiences that have palled by now for some of my college classmates have remained fresh for me, starting late in life as I did. Just being a householder, for instance, is something that I still enjoy.

To have been given world enough and time for multiple careers and a variety of experiences as a lay person gratifies me greatly. That’s why I’m celebrating in my heart this month’s anniversary.

There does remain one catch, however. Despite serious efforts, I have not been able to escape ministry entirely. The Hound of Heaven, it seems, has not yet done chasing me. Last winter in Florida, I returned to the pulpit after a twenty-four year lapse, to preach about the spirituality of aging, an exercise that I am repeating several times this winter.

Still, I welcome the identity of layperson. This vantage point of not being an offi-cial spokesman has given me a freedom to “experiment with truth,” as Gandhi put it, and to take my place as an ordinary member of society. The mystery that characterized my early career has not disappeared, fortunately. But the mystique has, and I feel freer to ex-plore the world anew.

Aging gives a perspective that increasingly seems precious to me. The accumula-tion of years enables me now to see patterns in my life that previously remained obscure. I can discern a providence at work that has guided me toward fulfillments that I had never expected to experience.

Tentatively at least, I have been enabled to answer for myself various questions. One such question that used to trouble me goes this way:  “Was my entering the Jesuit ranks a mistake, one that I should have escaped from much sooner?

This issue now seems to me artificial, one that does not require an answer. That was simply what I did with my life;  this course of action helped make me who I am. My entering was a good, though mixed, thing; so was my leaving.

For me, it is important to cultivate both continuity and discontinuity in life. That’s why, when celebrating my return to the world, I cherish many experiences from the time when I was living outside the world.

But I also place high value on my breaking with the disciplines of my first career. Doing things that I had never done before, starting in middle age, was welcome to me and I am glad that my life course broke into two parts.

Two peak experiences, one from each half, stand out in memory for their iconic character. The first was my ordination to the priesthood in June of 1962. When Cardinal Cushing laid hands on me, I felt ecstatic with a joy that stayed with me for weeks.

Similarly, when I stood nearby at the birth of my daughter in January 1980, I felt a joy that swept over me along with a mix of other emotions so intense as to bring tears to my eyes.

Both events remain vitally important to me. They help define a life lived in two different spheres of being.

Richard Griffin

Illusion and Reality

Last winter, on a visit to Orlando, I traveled by van to a professional meeting at Disneyworld. On the way I admired the brilliant night sky that featured a full, white moon surrounded by bright stars. All of a sudden, however, I was struck by doubt forcing me to turn toward a colleague with a pressing question – “Is it real?”

This question frequently arises for me in Florida. I feel wary about the tricks of the Disney people and their collaborators. They know how to put moons and stars up into the sky and make them look like the real thing.

On my latest foray into Florida last week, I experienced the same blurring between reality and illusion. This time the site was a town called Lady Lake, some sixty miles northwest of Orlando. The place features a giant retirement community now numbering about nineteen thousand people, considerably larger than the surrounding towns. It is called “The Villages” and encompasses half a dozen or so enclaves in the form of gated communities.

The Villages’ Town Square consists of stores, restaurants, theaters, and other establishments, all made to look much older than they actually are. These buildings wear signs identifying the dates when they were supposedly built. The dates, however, turn out not to be real but rather to be invented so as to make everything seem of another era.

The most prominent building is a church, not built by any religious group, but rather by the developers of the Villages. It looms up tall and serves as the focal point of the surrounding area. In passing, the visitor notices “ruins” – low walls that purport to date from the time of the Spanish settlements. These, too, it turns out, cannot be taken seriously except as artifacts playing their part in the ensemble.

Village residents also make use of paper bills that look like the real thing except that they carry pictures of Mr. Schwartz, the patriarch who founded the Villages, on the twenty and his son on the ten. Everybody calls this “funny money” but it can be used as cash for purchases.

The powerful Schwartz family that developed  the Villages plans to extend them across what are now neighboring fields. They will build many more houses and villas for the crowd of future retired people expected to pour into central Florida.

As must show in these words, I have trouble with the concept behind all of this illusion. Out of sympathy with the developers, I like to take my reality straight, without the sleight of hand that so much of Florida features. Please allow me to live with things as they are, rather than in a reality that has been engineered out of shape.

What I did find real, however, are the people who live in this retirement haven – at least those who come to St. Timothy’s Church where I had the pleasure to giving talks on aging and spirituality. The men and women who take part in the life of that church turned out to be vital and stimulating. My discussions with them renewed my hope for the future of our country, where aging will help shape the coming decades.

St. Timothy’s parish has enrolled an astonishing six hundred people as volunteers in some fifty ministries. They visit the sick, feed the hungry, bring holy communion to shut-ins, and work on social issues. As the woman who serves as a professional coordinator of the volunteers told me, “People here are very giving, they’ll do anything for anyone.”

Sitting down for an hour and a half with a group of six of these people, I discovered a lively sense of their group resources. As Milton, a retired marketing manager, says: “The one thing I love is there is someone here who has been there and done that, anything  you want to talk about from jet engines to the stock market to putting in telephone wires. The amount of knowledge is staggering.”

So, I would add, is a spiritual resource – the will to serve. These volunteers identify strongly with their role as church ministers. They think of themselves as on the edge of a new church, one in which the ordained priest feels happy to acknowledge the lay priesthood of members. These people are unanimous in crediting their pastor for recognizing their role, as not simply supplementary, but as at the heart of what it means to be a church member.

And the volunteers feel rewarded in this ministry. “There is always someone to pat you on the back and say you did a good job,” enthuses one woman among them. Another says, “How much more I gain from this experience than I ever give!”

So in a land where illusion plays a large role, it is gratifying to find so many people for whom the reality of service to their fellow human beings looms so large.

Richard Griffin

Does Spirituality Need Religion?

“Janet Taylor” is an admirable person who wants to become what she calls “a self-actualized human being.” By that term she means a person who takes spirituality seriously and relies on herself to achieve growth in spirit. The religious tradition of her upbringing was vague and inadequate and in the effort to find herself, during her years in college, she read widely and experimented with various spiritual disciplines

Janet’s fictitious name stands for a real person described in a new book “Finding Your Religion”  by Rev. Scotty McLennan, Tufts University chaplain. He owes some of his reputation to the comic strip “Doonesbury” drawn by Scotty McLennan’s college roomate, Gary Trudeau.

The Doonesbury character, Rev. Scott Sloan, gently parodies the real-life minister. As Rev. McLennan humorously complains, “Gary’s helped me become a living joke.”

Recently, at Harvard Divinity School, McLennan was joined by three others in a panel discussion centered on his new book.  The discussion focused on the topic “Why Spirituality Needs Religion,” a view that the author presents strongly in the book.

With some variations, the theologian Harvey Cox also agreed with this position. Writer James Carroll, however, first argued that spirituality does not in fact need religion before tempering this view with reasons for mutual support between the two.

Rev. McLennan stressed three reasons for the interdependence of the spirituality and religion. First, in the spiritual quest, everyone needs travelling companions. The search for truth is so difficult that you require the support of other people.

Secondly, you also need discipline, and that comes from the religious traditions of the world. Without discipline, you tend to go from one thing to another, the way “Janet Taylor” has done.

And thirdly, commitment to a social ideal also requires the support of a religious community. McLennan cited Martin Luther King, Ghandi, the Dalai Lama, and asked how far they could have got without that support. Yes, we must always work against “the dark side of religion,” he conceded, but religion has always been the breeding ground of great-souled leaders.

Then Rev. McLennan also argued that faith is not something that comes to a per-son neatly packaged, once and for all. Rather it develops through various stages, from childish dependence through independence until one arrives at the interdependence of maturity. The support of religion is needed at each stage.

Religion is also needed to support prophets such as the leaders mentioned earlier. They must rely on the resources supplied by religion, such as sacred texts, methods of prayer, and communal worship. Without these, the prophet would be left entirely on his or her own and become ineffective.

Novelist, columnist and memoirist James Carroll has been much influenced, he said, by the experience of his children who show little interest in organized religion but are clearly spiritual people. Though he himself says “I regard my faith as a Christian as the greatest gift of my life,” he recognizes that you don’t need religion to beloved by God. Nor do you need it to love your neighbor or to work for justice.

This being said, however, Mr. Carroll then acknowledges the advantages of religion. It gives us a language that is important in the search for God. Beyond that, it provides a culture for that same search. And it offers access to a community of faith that transcends place and time. It also gives us a way to think about sin, he added.

In support of the main position, Harvey Cox suggested the importance of what he called “the landing points” along the route of spiritual development. The points are supplied by religion. He also argued that “a group of individuals are not going to accomplish much in the world.” Rather, you need a community of faith to support efforts to change the world toward greater justice and peace.

So, on balance, the conviction that spirituality needs religion emerged as the clear winner. “Janet Taylor”  would be well advised, therefore, to avail herself of the riches of religious tradition as she makes her way toward a more satisfying spiritual life. At least, this would be the prevailing counsel of Rev. McLennon and his supporters.

Richard Griffin

Advocating for Paul

My long-time dear friend, (let’s call him Paul), has endured several weeks of life-threatening crises. Major surgery three times, continuing infection, return trips to the intensive care unit, and other horrors have entangled him in a seemingly unending round of severe health troubles. Along with his many other friends, I have felt much grief and foreboding at what Paul has had to suffer.

This suffering began weeks before he entered the hospital. While undergoing a series of tests to determine the cause of weight loss, lack of appetite, and undefined pain, he continued to decline alarmingly.

What shocked us friends was the discovery that Paul’s primary care physician had not actually seen him for at least a month. Instead, during this period Paul was seen by his doctor’s physician’s assistant and by the physicians who supervised his tests, but never his main doctor.

It still seems almost incredible that a doctor with overall responsibility would neglect to take an action probably taught on the first day he began medical school, namely: Look At Your Patient and See How He Appears!

Admittedly, Paul’s illness would have been difficult to diagnose under any conditions. But friends who saw him recognized immediately how badly he was hurting. That he was allowed to decline so alarmingly for weeks without intervention still shocks those of us familiar with this history.

In reflecting on the experience, Paul draws this conclusion: “The medical system is geared to do things in a certain way,  – for example giving tests. If you seem to be getting sicker, you have to do something yourself, even if the medical staff says you’re all right.”

From my friend’s experience and his analysis of it, I have taken at least  two lessons to heart.

First, if we can, we must all advocate for our own health care. We cannot risk waiting on initiatives from professionals. To a certain degree, we must push our health care providers to take care of us. Otherwise we run the risk of neglect that can lead to serious harm.

This holds especially true for us elders. Unless we are rich and famous, we can easily find ourselves deprived of top-flight care or, for that matter, adequate care. In all too many situations, if we do not advocate for ourselves, health care professionals will not give us the attention that we need.

There is at least one large problem with this advice, however. Many people cannot find in themselves this kind of zeal for demanding their rights. Especially when they do not feel well, they may be unable to summon up the necessary bravado. That was my friend Paul’s situation.

My second lesson, therefore, follows. If we can do so, we should find someone to act as our advocate.  It can make a decisive difference for seriously ill people to have a relative or friend  to help push for  needed medical attention.

In Paul’s crisis, several of his long-time friends got together and came to the consensus that he should be hospitalized immediately. We then asked one of our number, a physician himself, to take the initiative and press for Paul to be admitted.

That, in fact, happened and none too soon. It was quickly determined that Paul needed immediate surgery. Further delay might have led to his death.

After his admission to the hospital, though he then got excellent care, Paul continued to need someone to advocate for his needs. Fortunately, at that point he received constant support from one of his brothers who traveled from another state and remained with Paul every day for weeks. Not only did this brother help to sustain Paul’s morale during this ordeal, but he also proved an important advocate with the medical staff.

This saga of my friend Paul dramatizes the need for family members and friends to take initiative on behalf of others. Many do, in fact, but more of us either fail to recognize the need to take action or let obstacles deter us.

It can be touchy to come forward when we judge a friend or family member is ail-ing. We may run the risk of indignant rejection. Persistence may be required if we are seriously committed to helping.  And much tact may be a needed to prove ourselves advocates worthy of the sick person’s trust.

I still think, however, that friends and family can be indispensable when one is hurting. I take satisfaction from knowing that my friend Paul found such people in time of crisis who may have saved his life. Everyone ought to have family and friends like this.

To become good healers, physicians depend upon our sharing with them our feelings about ourselves and our own appraisal of what’s wrong. In many instances they also need to hear from family members and friends who know the patient well.

Far from resenting such advocacy as interference, wise physicians will know how to respond to the benefit of the person who is sick and needs healing.

Richard Griffin